To change the default color mode used when printing in Linux by applications such as Firefox, run first the command "lpoptions -l | grep Color" to get the relevant options. Example output:
CNColorMode/Color Mode: *Auto color mono
To change the default color mode to 'Black & White' for ALL printers run then the following command (it can also be done on a per printer basis using the option '-p' of the command "lpoptions"):
lpoptions -o CNColorMode=mono
The color mode can be set to 'Color' when needed through the print options dialogue.